Classification of the Trematodes

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The page below is a sample from the LabCE course Intestinal Worms. Access the complete course and earn ASCLS P.A.C.E.-approved continuing education credits by subscribing online.

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Classification of the Trematodes

Table 1 is an overview of flukes found either in or around the intestinal tract, and/or those which can be diagnosed by finding their eggs in the feces. Notice the three things that all have in common: snail is an intermediate host, water, and finding eggs in the feces!
Table 1. An Overview of Trematodes (Intestinal Flukes).
SpeciesLocation of Adult StageLocation of Larval Stage/sMethod of Diagnosis
Fasciolopsis buskiDuodenum and jejunumSnail and aquatic vegetationEggs in feces
Heterophyes, Echinostoma spp., and MetagonimusSmall intestineSnail, freshwater fish, additional snails, frogsEggs in feces
Nanophyetus salmoncolaIntestinal tractSnail and salmonid fish Eggs in feces
Fasciola hepaticaBiliary system including liverSnail and aquatic vegetationEggs in feces
Clonorchis and Opistorchis spp.Biliary system including liverSnail and freshwater fishEggs in feces
Paragonimus spp.Parenchyma of lungs; occasional ectopic sitesSnail and freshwater crabs and crayfishEggs in sputum or feces
Schistosoma spp.S. mansoni and S. intercalatum: portal and inferior mesenteric vein
S.japonicum and mekongi: superior mesenteric vein
S. hematobium: venus plexus of urinary bladder, prostate, uterus
SnailEggs in feces
(also urine for S. hematobium)