A 50-year-old patient with a family history of diabetes visits the physician for a routine physical. The patient reports that they feel their health is excellent. The patient exercises regularly, but often their diet is high in calories and fat.
Physical Examination:
Slightly overweight; blood pressure and pulse normal.
Laboratory Testing:
A basic metabolic panel (BMP) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) are ordered. All results are within the normal reference intervals except the plasma glucose.
Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) = 110 mg/dL (reference interval 75–100 mg/dL)
One week later:
The patient's physician orders a Hb A1C.
Hb A1C = 6.0% (reference interval 4–6%)
