- Grossly evident pathology (e.g., surgical resections of tumors, colon resections for inflammatory bowel disease)
- Transplant surgeries (e.g., artificial heart valves and intact native valves, native and explanted lungs, livers, kidneys, and hearts)
- Pertinent negative specimens (e.g., a resection for a tumor if the tumor was not present on pathologic examination, an appendix with no pathologic change)
- Disrupted and fragmented specimens (e.g., ectopic pregnancy specimen)
- Gross-only specimens such as medical devices (all clinically relevant details must be included, such as brand name and serial number)
- Possible medicolegal cases (e.g., amputations due to trauma, explanted permanent silicone implants, bullets)
- Unusual specimens (e.g., fetus-in-fetu, mesothelial cyst, triplet, and higher-order placenta)
The following pages show examples of the gross photographs of the above surgical cases.
1. Lester, S. (2022). Manual of Surgical Pathology. (4th ed.). Elsevier.
