The zona fasciculata is the middle zone of the adrenal cortex and is the main site of glucocorticoid hormone production. The main glucocorticoid hormone is cortisol. Cortisol is needed when the body is undergoing physical activity, a stressful event, or blood glucose levels drop below normal levels.
Cortisol is a steroid hormone that is fat-soluble having both good and harmful effects. Cortisol increases blood glucose levels through gluconeogenesis by increasing the catabolism of fats and proteins. Cortisol can also be detrimental by causing immunosuppression and decreased bone formation, which is why high-stress levels can lead to health problems.
