The hypothalamus, pituitary, and adrenal glands are considered an axis and can be referred to as the HPA axis (hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis). Anything that involves the release of cortisol, aldosterone, and androgens can be found in this pathway due to stress, low blood sugar, water retention, etc. This HPA axis is very important for coping with stressful situations. Without it, humans would not be able to survive or adapt to changing environments.
