DNA consists of the nucleotide bases:
- Adenine (A)
- Cytosine (C)
- Guanine (G)
- Thymine (T)
Base Pairing Rules: G↔C, A↔T
A and G are purines (double‐ring), while C and T are pyrimidines (single‐ring). The nucleotides in a base pair are complementary, meaning their shape allows them to bond with hydrogen bonds. The A-T pair forms two hydrogen bonds. The C-G pair forms three hydrogen bonds.
RNA consists of the nucleotide bases:
- Adenine (A)
- Cytosine (C)
- Guanine (G)
- Uracil (U)
Base Pairing Rules: G↔C, A↔U
A and G are purines (double‐ring), while C and U are pyrimidines (single‐ring).
The Thymine (T) nucleotide base is present in DNA but replaced by Uracil in RNA.
