Group 2—Muscimol/Ibotenic Acid (Isoxazole Derivatives)

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The page below is a sample from the LabCE course Mushroom Poisoning and the Laboratory's Role in Monitoring Patients. Access the complete course and earn ASCLS P.A.C.E.-approved continuing education credits by subscribing online.

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Group 2—Muscimol/Ibotenic Acid (Isoxazole Derivatives)

Symptoms occur usually within 30 minutes to 3 hours after eating several different species of mushrooms such as Amanita muscaria, A. pantherina, and A. gemata. The patient displays apparent intoxication such as incoordination and euphoria. Nausea and vomiting are also quite common. Other manifestations include hyperactivity, muscle spasms, anxiety, and visions. Drowsiness is also a frequent symptom. The patient may fall asleep and be unable to arouse. This coma-like state may last 24 hours or more. There have been no direct deaths reported from this toxin, but it is considered potentially deadly. One case study reports that a person on a camping trip, froze to death while in a Muscimol/Ibotenic Acid coma.

Structure of Muscimol toxin
Structure of Ibotenic Acid toxin