Course Outline
Click on the links below to preview selected pages from this course.
- Introduction to the ABO System
- Importance of Understanding the ABO System
- The History of the ABO System
- The History of the ABO System, continued
- Table 1: ABO Blood Group System
- Testing the Patient Red Cells with Known Antisera (Forward Typing)
- Testing the Patient Serum with Known Red Cells (Reverse Typing)
- Why does agglutination sometimes occur when red blood cells (RBCs) from one individual are mixed with serum from another?
- Match the blood types with their corresponding characteristics.
- True or False: To determine the ABO type, known antisera are mixed with patient RBCs, and known red cells are mixed with patient serum.
- Development of Serum Antibodies
- ABO Antibodies
- Anti-A and Anti-B Development
- ABO Antibodies and Aging
- Immune ABO Antibodies
- Immunoglobulins
- Which of the following is an event that may produce immune ABO antibodies?
- Which of the following is the predominant immunoglobulin class for anti-A and anti-B antibodies?
- Subgroups of A
- Strength of the A Antigen
- A1 and A2 Subgroups
- Rare Subgroups of A
- Inherited Antigens
- Significance of A Subgroups For Laboratory Professionals
- Table 4: Reaction of Red Cell Subgroups with Known Antisera
- True or False: A1 and A2 individuals cannot be differentiated.
- Given the results below, what is the most probable ABO type for this individual?Forward (Cell) Grouping Reverse (Serum) Grouping Anti-AAnti-BAnti-A,BA...
- True or False: The serum of some group A individuals may agglutinate group A1 cells.
- ABO Typing
- Genetic Basis for Cellular Antigens
- Galactose and ABO Antigen Precursor Substance
- Fucose
- "A" Antigenic Activity
- "B" Antigenic Activity
- The H gene
- The Bombay Blood Group
- A, B, and O Genes
- Diagram of A, B, and O Genes
- Bombay Blood Group Genes
- Inherited Genes
- Deducing the Gene
- Genotyping
- Determining Possible Offspring
- Punnett Squares
- Which specific terminal sugar causes a red cell to have "A" antigenic activity?
- Which specific terminal sugar causes a red cell to have "B" antigenic activity?
- What specific sugar configuration is necessary as a base for the attachment of other sugars?
- Which of the following phenotypes is not possible in an offspring from an AB and BO mating?
- What is present in the blood of an individual with the Bombay phenotype that will cause it to agglutinate with any non-Bombay individual's blood?
- Match the blood types (phenotypes) that will be expressed with the genotypes listed.
- References
Additional Information
Level of Instruction: Basic
Intended Audience: Medical laboratory scientists, medical laboratory technicians, and MLS and MLT students, as well as pathology residents.
About this Course: This course is part of a series of courses adapted for the web by MediaLab Inc. under license from Educational Materials for Health Professionals Inc., Dayton, OH 45420. Copyright EMHP Inc.
The author has no conflict of interest to disclose.
Reviewer Information: Judi Bennett, BSM, MLS, is an Education Developer with MediaLab by Vastian, bringing over 30 years of experience as a medical laboratory scientist. Before joining MediaLab in 2010, she held key leadership roles, including Clinical Laboratory Manager, Microbiology Supervisor, and Senior Systems Analyst at Gwinnett Health System in Lawrenceville, Georgia. Her extensive knowledge of laboratory operations, combined with a strong commitment to healthcare quality and education, fuels her passion for developing engaging and effective learning tools for the next generation of laboratorians.
Course Description: This course explains the basic genetics and principles of the ABO blood group system, as well as the forward and reverse ABO grouping results. Learners will benefit most from this course if they already possess a basic understanding of genetic principles, immune response, the production and structure of antibodies, and antigen-antibody reactions.
